Testing

Test Commands

Core library (721 tests, ~3.5 min)

cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release

This is the primary test command. Covers all arithmetic, FHE operations, bootstrap, noise budget, entropy, security, NTT, Montgomery, and K-Elimination.

Full workspace (1,351 tests)

cargo test --release --workspace --exclude nine65-python --exclude nine65-wasm

Adds: clockwork-core (46), exact_transcendentals (143), nexgen_rational (95), fhe-service (22), mana (30), unhal (10).

Extreme boundary tests (85 tests, opt-in)

cargo test -p nine65-extreme-tests --features extreme-tests --release

See Extreme Tests for what these cover.

Filtering Tests

The filter string matches against the full test path. Examples:

# All bootstrap tests
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- bootstrap

# Just NTT
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- ntt

# Just Montgomery
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- montgomery

# Just noise budget
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- noise::budget

# Just security estimator
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- security_estimator

# Just K-Elimination
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- k_elimination

# A specific test by name
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- test_auto_bootstrap_chained_muls

Seeing Output

–nocapture

By default, Rust’s test runner hides println! output from passing tests. You only see output from failures.

--nocapture shows everything:

cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- bootstrap --nocapture

–test-threads=1

By default, tests run in parallel. Output from different tests interleaves and becomes unreadable. Force sequential execution:

cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- --nocapture --test-threads=1 bootstrap

This is slower but the output is ordered and readable.

Combining both

The maximum-visibility command:

cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- --nocapture --test-threads=1

Shows every println from every test, one test at a time, in order.

Listing Tests Without Running

# List all core tests
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- --list

# List tests matching a filter
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- --list bootstrap

# Count tests
cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release -- --list 2>&1 | grep "test$" | wc -l

Integration Tests

Separate from lib tests, these live in tests/ directories:

# Bootstrap integration tests
cargo test -p nine65 --test bootstrap_integration --release

# Bootstrap parameter exploration
cargo test -p nine65 --test bootstrap_parameter_exploration --release

Per-Crate Testing

Crate	Command	Test Count
nine65	cargo test -p nine65 --lib --release	721
clockwork-core	cargo test -p clockwork-core --release	46
exact_transcendentals	cargo test -p exact_transcendentals --release	143
nexgen_rational	cargo test -p nexgen_rational --release	95
fhe-service	cargo test -p fhe-service --release	22
mana	cargo test -p mana --release	30
unhal	cargo test -p unhal --release	10
nine65-extreme-tests	cargo test -p nine65-extreme-tests --features extreme-tests --release	85

What the Tests Cover

Arithmetic (~200 tests)

• Montgomery multiplication, reduction, negation, boundary values
• NTT forward/inverse transforms, pointwise operations
• K-Elimination: CRT reconstruction, capacity boundaries, anchor validation
• RNS: add, multiply, level management, overflow detection
• U256: wide multiplication, overflow assertions

FHE Operations (~150 tests)

• Encrypt/decrypt roundtrip for all configs
• Homomorphic add (ct+ct, ct+pt)
• Homomorphic multiply (ct*ct with relinearization)
• Depth sweeps (how many muls before noise exhaustion)

Bootstrap (~80 tests)

• Circular bootstrap (boot_sk = lift of work_sk)
• Non-circular KSK bootstrap (independent boot_sk)
• Auto-bootstrap (noise-triggered, unlimited depth)
• Chained operations (mul-boot-mul sequences)
• All three paths produce exact plaintext recovery

Security (~60 tests)

• Lattice estimator: Core-SVP and MATZOV models
• HE Standard compliance for all configs
• Production safety validation (insecure configs rejected in release)
• Constant-time operation verification

Noise Budget (~40 tests)

• Budget consumption tracking
• Bootstrap reset accuracy
• Rescaling refunds (negative costs)
• Budget exhaustion detection

Entropy (~30 tests)

• Shadow harvester determinism
• CSPRNG seeding
• Adaptive threading stability